[hen-ui-dynamic-experience placement=”aboveTheFold” /][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurses are on the front lines of treating vulnerable populations and dealing with the consequences of healthcare disparities. As such, they play a unique and vital role as advocates for the health and well-being of their patients.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/covid-19-pandemic-highlights-longstanding-health-inequities-in-u-s/” target=”_blank”]healthcare inequities[/hen-ui-link] that have existed in the United States for many years. Poor working conditions, language barriers, and lack of access to healthcare contributed to higher death rates in underserved populations.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Vulnerable populations struggle with medical conditions, rising costs, and timely access to care. This worsens their poor understanding of their diagnosis and treatment, and increases risk of declining health and contracting communicable diseases.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The first step is identifying the types of vulnerable populations a nurse may encounter at work or in the community. Next, we describe the role nurse practitioners play in caring for vulnerable patients, and the specific responsibilities that fall under the purview of a nurse practitioner.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-heading variant=”h2″]Identifying Vulnerable Populations[/hen-ui-heading][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Populations made vulnerable by historical, socioeconomic, and medical biases have always been a part of the healthcare system. Historically — and in some cases currently — the care and attention underserved populations received was deplorable.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]As recently as the 1960s, children born with [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.nads.org/about-us/history-of-nads/” target=”_blank”]Down’s Syndrome[/hen-ui-link] were institutionalized from birth, or their parents were forced to take them home without support. Likewise, roughly 70% of people with [hen-ui-link href=”https://historyofyesterday.com/what-it-was-like-to-be-a-mental-health-patient-in-the-early-1900s-5a65fb70dd0c” target=”_blank”]mental health conditions[/hen-ui-link] were involuntarily hospitalized in asylums.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]In these institutions they lived in overcrowded rooms, with poor nutrition and insufficient hygiene. Staff locked the rooms. There were bars on the windows. Patients were at risk of sexual abuse from caretakers. Patients were also lobotomized, put into a coma, or submerged in ice baths as “treatments” for their condition.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Today, the medical community frowns on these living conditions and “treatments.” Yet they were an everyday nightmare for the patients who endured them. While the contemporary treatment of vulnerable people is not quite as barbaric, it begs the question of how future society will remember current care methods in another 50 years.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Vulnerable populations are at risk for healthcare inequities because of cultural, gender, racial, ethnic, health, or economic characteristics. Yet, caring for vulnerable populations is intrinsic to nursing. Using experiences and knowledge of patient care, wellness, and cost containment, nurses can influence policy.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]There are five [hen-ui-link href=”https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health” target=”_blank”]social determinants of health[/hen-ui-link] that significantly impact a person’s health and quality of life. These include:[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-list variant=”unordered” bullet-style=”bullet”] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Economic stability[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Healthcare access and quality[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Social community[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Neighborhood and environment[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Education access and quality[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item][/hen-ui-list][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]These determinants arise from factors such as air, water, and environmental pollution, racism and discrimination, language and literacy barriers, and access to nutritious food.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Promoting healthy lifestyle choices is not enough to support the [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.ajmc.com/view/nov06-2390ps348-s352″ target=”_blank”]needs of vulnerable populations[/hen-ui-link] if those populations lack access. [hen-ui-link href=”https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23385323/” target=”_blank”]Vulnerable populations include[/hen-ui-link], but are not limited to:[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-list variant=”unordered” bullet-style=”bullet”] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Racial and ethnic minorities[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Economically disadvantaged[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Uninsured or underinsured[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Those with chronic health conditions including HIV, mental health condition, and obesity[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Children and youth[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Elderly[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Homeless[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Disabled[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Rural residents with poor access[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]LGBTQ+ community[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Certain genders and the gender-nonconforming[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Immigrants[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Prisoners[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Sex-trafficked men and women[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Human-trafficked men and women[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Certain religious or cultural groups[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Patients with conditions considered “[hen-ui-link href=”https://stanmed.stanford.edu/2018fall/genetic-disorders-incompatible-life-options.html” target=”_blank”]incompatible with life[/hen-ui-link]” and their families[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item][/hen-ui-list][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]It may be surprising, but in many situations, physicians show up on this list. Yes, physicians have greater access to resources such as education and finances, but some doctors do not have their own physicians, which may make them vulnerable to ill health and burnout.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The [hen-ui-link href=”https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/ama-code-medical-ethics-opinion-physicians-treating-family-members/2012-05″ target=”_blank”]AMA code of ethics[/hen-ui-link] states that physicians should not treat themself or family members. [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-09-04/too-many-doctors-treat-themselves-study-finds/1416810″ target=”_blank”]One survey[/hen-ui-link] found that many doctors do not have their own doctor.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]This increases the risk that physicians have poor health, which affects the patients they treat. Healthy doctors can be role models for their patients, and are not likely to retire early.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurse practitioners have an influence on the healthcare providers with whom they work, including physicians. Be a good role model, encourage your colleagues to seek quality healthcare.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-heading variant=”h2″]The Role of Nurse Practitioners in Caring for Vulnerable Populations[/hen-ui-heading][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurses and nurse practitioners are first responders. They may not be in harm’s way as frequently as police officers and firemen, but they are first responders nonetheless. Yet there are times when standing up for the rights of vulnerable people places nurses at odds with society.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]In 2017, the American Nurses Association was publicly outraged when a nurse in Salt Lake City, Utah, was handcuffed after refusing to draw the blood of an unconscious patient. The patient had been in a car accident and police were requesting a blood sample.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The nurse followed both the employer policies and the law; since the patient was not under arrest, there was no warrant, and the patient could not consent. The patient was vulnerable and the nurse acted with advocacy to protect the patient’s rights.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]This was an unusual situation, but illustrates the necessity of advocating for vulnerable patients. Nurses and nurse practitioners are in a unique position to identify vulnerabilities, develop creative interventions, and champion quality care with patients and within the legislature.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]These are only some of the steps NPs can take to protect their patient populations. Below are a few specific ideas for how to do so.[/hen-ui-text]
[hen-ui-list variant=”ordered” bullet-style=”check”] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″]Raise Awareness[/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text-stack gap=”xs”] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Identification of a problem is only effective when you can raise awareness within areas of society that impact change. As healthcare shifts toward prevention, nurses can leverage public health awareness to promote change and safeguard the health and well-being of underserved populations.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The nursing role is becoming even more multidimensional, now including promoting healthcare awareness in society on top of performing typical hospital duties.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurses are raising awareness in the community, serving in Congress, and joining the [hen-ui-link href=”https://healthjournalism.org/” target=”_blank”]ranks of journalists[/hen-ui-link] to tell the stories of vulnerable populations.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-text-stack] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″]Educate[/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text-stack gap=”xs”] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Education has been a large part of nursing since the birth of the profession. From frontline workers in acute care hospitals to caring for patients in their homes, nurses spend hours educating and teaching patients about their healthcare needs, treatments, and preventive care.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]It is a natural progression to use those teaching skills to educate society and the greater medical establishment. Nurses can educate on vulnerable populations’ humanity and needs, creating a bond between all people.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurse practitioners can begin by educating people in their local community and extend their reach to the state and nation through social media, support organizations, and the legislature.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-text-stack] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″]Advocate[/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text-stack gap=”xs”] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Advocacy can take many forms. Nurse practitioners can advocate for their patients’ healthcare needs with insurance companies and Medicaid. They can serve on [hen-ui-link href=”https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31085660/” target=”_blank”]advocacy boards[/hen-ui-link] that address the needs of underserved populations in schools, healthcare institutions, and communities.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurse practitioners are in a unique position to advocate for the health and well-being of their physician colleagues. Simply put, advocacy is any action that supports, defends, or argues on behalf of a cause or others.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-text-stack] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″]Improve Healthcare Access[/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text-stack gap=”xs”] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Unfortunately, many vulnerable populations lack easy access to healthcare. A combination of poverty, poor insurance coverage, and living in rural areas impact access.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Additionally, prisoners, people with chronic illnesses, and those in the LGBTQ+ community may find it difficult to access compassionate and caring healthcare providers.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurse practitioners who develop these empathetic qualities may volunteer in community clinics, advocate for an expanded patient population in their practice, or seek legislative remediation for the issues.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-text-stack] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″]Enforce Ethical Standards[/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text-stack gap=”xs”] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Provision 8 of the ANA Code of Ethics states that nurses must protect human rights and reduce health disparities. This means advocating for all populations against factors that may impede their access to healthcare.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurses must uphold ethical standards if patients are unable to pay for care, or show signs of human trafficking or domestic violence.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Physical signs and symptoms must be assessed without bias. For example, if a young man presents with slurred speech, a NP should investigate stroke, low blood glucose, meningitis, and other such causes.[/hen-ui-text] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurse practitioners have a professional duty to set aside any bias or prejudice when treating their patients. Only by enforcing the ethical standards of nursing care can all patients receive the healthcare treatment they deserve.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-text-stack] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item][/hen-ui-list]
[hen-ui-heading variant=”h2″ align=”center”]In Conclusion[/hen-ui-heading][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The healthcare needs of vulnerable populations are complex and intersect with societal and economic conditions.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurse practitioners play an important and unique role in advocating for greater healthcare access, and educating those in the legislature with the power to effect change. Within their practice, they can help reduce healthcare inequities and develop systems that protect vulnerable populations.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Yet, nurses are often overworked, underpaid, and exploited in the healthcare arena. In 2022, Nursing ranked as the [hen-ui-link href=”https://nursing.yale.edu/news/gallup-nurses-are-most-trusted-profession-20th-straight-year” target=”_blank”]most trusted profession[/hen-ui-link] by Gallup polls for 20 consecutive years.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The healthcare system has depended on nursing ethics, advocacy, and treatment of people in their most vulnerable times in life, but does not provide nurses themselves with the resources to maintain this level of care long-term.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]While nurses have been strong patient advocates from the beginning of the profession, changing and expanding societal roles demand greater time and energy. This places an added burden on an already strained profession.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]It is essential that healthcare systems recognize societal changes and establish stronger support systems for nursing staff. Burnout takes a massive toll on nurses, which led to many [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/25/us/nurses-quit-hospitals-covid-pandemic-trnd/index.html” target=”_blank”]leaving the profession[/hen-ui-link], especially during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Burnout has contributed to a [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.aacnnursing.org/news-information/fact-sheets/nursing-shortage” target=”_blank”]growing nursing shortage[/hen-ui-link], placing a heavy load on those still caring for patients. Patient care may be in a dangerous situation.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Hospitals and insurance companies can advocate for the advocates by ensuring they have the support systems needed to provide excellent patient care.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]For example, nurses should have access to fresh and powerful mental health programs to help prevent burnout. Their salaries should be commensurate with the work they do and they should have time and resources for meaningful professional development.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]By providing nursing staff with rest, resources, and reimbursement, healthcare systems benefit in innumerable ways. This includes improved patient care, greater recognition in the community, and better patient satisfaction.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]These factors gauge the quality of services offered, and are essential to the [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.relias.com/blog/how-do-patient-satisfaction-scores-affect-reimbursement” target=”_blank”]financial and operational success[/hen-ui-link] of the organization.[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Mahatma Gandhi once said, “The true measure of any society can be found in how it treats its most vulnerable members.” By improving healthcare access to vulnerable and underserved populations, we can progress toward a better and brighter future.[/hen-ui-text]
[hen-ui-heading variant=”h2″ style=”margin-top:2em”]Resources[/hen-ui-heading][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]These are resources nurses and nurse practitioners may explore to gain a better understanding of the vulnerable patient populations they serve.[/hen-ui-text]
[hen-ui-list variant=”unordered” bullet-style=”check”] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″][hen-ui-link href=”https://www.nln.org/education/division-for-innovation-in-education-excellence/institute-for-the-care-of-vulnerable-populations” target=”_blank”]Institute for the Care of Vulnerable Populations[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The National League for Nursing seeks to transform healthcare by better preparing nursing students about underserved populations using evidence-based resources. Advancing Care Excellence (ACE) programs are offered for seven populations.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″]Leading the Care of Vulnerable and Marginalized Populations[/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]This CE offering from the American Nurses Association addresses health disparities in marginalized populations. It seeks to engage nurses to think differently and adopt new strategies for care.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″][hen-ui-link href=”https://www.thehrcfoundation.org/professional-resources/the-national-lgbt-health-education-center” target=”_blank”]Human Rights Campaign[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]The advocacy group maintains a health education center where nurses can access resources and programs with the goal of optimizing cost-effective care for the LGBTQ+ community.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-flex direction=”column” gap=”xxs”] [hen-ui-heading variant=”h4″][hen-ui-link href=”https://ceufast.com/course/human-trafficking” target=”_blank”]Human Trafficking[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]This CEU course helps nurse practitioners identify people being trafficked. After completing the course, the participant should understand how to report suspected survivors, the importance of trauma-informed care, and recognize the factors that increase the risk of human trafficking.[/hen-ui-text] [/hen-ui-flex][/hen-ui-list-item][/hen-ui-list]
[hen-ui-heading variant=”h3″ style=”margin-top:2em”]Sources[/hen-ui-heading][hen-ui-separator /][hen-ui-list variant=”unordered” bullet-style=”bullet”] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]AMA code of ethics opinion on physicians treating family members. (2012). [hen-ui-link href=”https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/ama-code-medical-ethics-opinion-physicians-treating-family-members/2012-05″]https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/ama-code-medical-ethics-opinion-physicians-treating-family-members/2012-05[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]ANA calls for action in wake of police abuse of RN. (2017). https://www.nursingworld.org/news/news-releases/2017-news-releases/american-nurses-association-calls-for-action-in-wake-of-police-abuse-of-registered-nurse-9117/[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Attending to vulnerable populations through nurse advocacy on boards and public service (2019). [hen-ui-link href=”https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31085660/”]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31085660/[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Compatible with life? (2018). [hen-ui-link href=”https://stanmed.stanford.edu/2018fall/genetic-disorders-incompatible-life-options.html”]https://stanmed.stanford.edu/2018fall/genetic-disorders-incompatible-life-options.html[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]COVID-19 pandemic highlights long-standing health iniquities in U.S. (n.d.).[hen-ui-link href=”https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/covid-19-pandemic-highlights-longstanding-health-inequities-in-u-s/”]https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/covid-19-pandemic-highlights-longstanding-health-inequities-in-u-s/[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Gallup: nurses are most trusted profession for 20th straight year. (2022). [hen-ui-link href=”https://nursing.yale.edu/news/gallup-nurses-are-most-trusted-profession-20th-straight-year”]https://nursing.yale.edu/news/gallup-nurses-are-most-trusted-profession-20th-straight-year[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]History of NADS. (n.d.). [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.nads.org/about-us/history-of-nads/”]https://www.nads.org/about-us/history-of-nads/[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nurses serving in congress. (n.d.). https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/advocacy/federal/nurses-serving-in-congress/[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Nursing shortage. (n.d.). [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.aacnnursing.org/news-information/fact-sheets/nursing-shortage”]https://www.aacnnursing.org/news-information/fact-sheets/nursing-shortage[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Patient satisfaction & HCAHPS reimbursement. (2020). https://www.relias.com/blog/how-do-patient-satisfaction-scores-affect-reimbursement[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Social determinants of health. (n.d.). [hen-ui-link href=”https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health”]https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Tips and resources for learning the basics of data journalism. (2022). [hen-ui-link href=”https://healthjournalism.org/”]https://healthjournalism.org/[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Too many doctors treat themselves, study finds. (2009). [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-09-04/too-many-doctors-treat-themselves-study-finds/1416810″]https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-09-04/too-many-doctors-treat-themselves-study-finds/1416810[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Traumatized and tired, nurses are quitting due to the pandemic. (2021). [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/25/us/nurses-quit-hospitals-covid-pandemic-trnd/index.html”]https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/25/us/nurses-quit-hospitals-covid-pandemic-trnd/index.html[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]View the code of ethics for nurses. (n.d.). https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/nursing-excellence/ethics/code-of-ethics-for-nurses/[/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Vulnerable populations. (2006). [hen-ui-link href=”https://www.ajmc.com/view/nov06-2390ps348-s352″]https://www.ajmc.com/view/nov06-2390ps348-s352[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Vulnerable populations in healthcare. (2013). [hen-ui-link href=”https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23385323/”]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23385323/[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item] [hen-ui-list-item][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]What it was like to be a mental health patient in the early 1900s. (2022). [hen-ui-link href=”https://historyofyesterday.com/what-it-was-like-to-be-a-mental-health-patient-in-the-early-1900s-5a65fb70dd0c”]https://historyofyesterday.com/what-it-was-like-to-be-a-mental-health-patient-in-the-early-1900s-5a65fb70dd0c[/hen-ui-link][/hen-ui-text][/hen-ui-list-item][/hen-ui-list][hen-ui-text variant=”b4″]Page Last Reviewed: August 13, 2022[/hen-ui-text][hen-ui-heading variant=”h2″]Related Pages[/hen-ui-heading] [hen-ui-article-row variant=”slider” ids=”62600,60674,49639″][/hen-ui-article-row]
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